AGN Global Business Voice: Practice Management
We must have always had a multi-generational workforce, so why has the notion of workplace friction between age groups, sometimes referred to as ‘Generational Friction’, become an issue on the radar of business leaders?
Introduction
Skilled staff shortages and the war for talent mean that any issue likely to influence staff turnover has become critical. Friction between key staff of different generations can be unproductive but can potentially result in people becoming isolated or bullied and eventually leaving the business.
Perhaps more than ever, we are conscious of which ‘generation’ we belong to (the various categories are set out in Figure 1 below). Generational groupings are, of course, artificial; having said that, they have emerged because there is a perception that each group has a distinctive set of values, ideals, and attitudes which have been moulded by the social, technological and environmental conditions impacting their formative years.
Over time, these differences have been amplified and inevitably exaggerated; consequently, negative or critical stereotypes have emerged. One generation characterising or lampooning another.
The ‘Snowflake’ generation – a derogatory term aimed initially at Millennials but carried over to Gen Z. Collins dictionary defines the term as “the generation of people viewed as being less resilient and more prone to taking offence than previous generations”.
On the other hand, Baby Boomers are enviously derided as having benefited from excellent job prospects, free higher education, and house price rises in peacetime prosperity. Younger staff may also refer to Boomers as being out of date, past it, and unwilling to try new ideas.
Even the stereotypical definitions of the generations can lead to more understanding or recognition of the significant environmental differences that age groups have faced over the last 50 years.
| GENERATION | SILENT | BABY BOOMERS | GENERATION X | MILLENNIALS | GENERATION Z |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Born | 1923 – 1945 | 1946 – 1964 | 1965 – 1980 | 1981 – 1997 | 1998 – 2016 |
| Age 2022 | 77 – 100 | 59 – 77 | 43 – 58 | 26 – 42 | 7 – 25 |
| Major lifetime events | – World War I and II – Great Depression – Electric Appliances | – Cold War – Moon Landing – Transistor Invented | – End of Cold War – Live Aid – First Personal Computers | – 9/11 – Iraq War – Advent Social Media | – Covid – Global Warming |
| Favored communications | Letter | Telephone | Email / SMS | WhatsApp | Emoji’s |
| Key Technology | Car | TV | PC | Smart Phone | AR / VR |
| Digital Grade | Pre-digital | Digital Immigrants | Early Digital Adopters | Digital Natives | Digital Innates |
| Current living situation | Retirement home | Semi-detached house | Own small apartments | Rented apartment share | Parents house |
| Nickname | Moral Authority | “Me” Generation | Gen X | Echo Boomers | Gen Z |
Whatever the differences, the fact is that generations at each end of the working age spectrum have vastly different working styles, expectations and attitudes to work. We also know that the current dearth of talented potential employees means business need to reduce staff turnover and so avoiding damaging friction between generations is an essential factor in retaining and nurturing a productive workforce.
Common areas
of tension
Communication
Every generation appears to have a favoured way of communicating. The older the generation, the more familiar they are with formal methods of communication. Sometimes Baby Boomers struggle with overlaps between office-based systems that allow for formal recording of situations or issues such as company emails or Word documents, versus the less formal approach such as WhatsApp or texting. Baby Boomers and Gen Z often prefer face-to-face or telephone communication about an issue, which they perceive as greater veracity than a remotely delegated task assigned through Wrike, Osana or some other project management system.
Technology
Generational friction can often raise its head in relation to workplace technology. For example, it’s often said that Millennials and Gen Z are digital natives or the ‘digital generation’. At the same time, Baby Boomers are digital immigrants or ‘analogues’ – not so familiar with the latest software and often less comfortable with technological change.
Working Practices
Baby Boomers emerge from a culture where ambition, working long hours, and financial reward define their success. By contrast, Millennials believe that innovation and flexibility are vital ingredients for success at work rather than sheer graft. It’s often said that Gen Y sees work simply as a means to an end. Considering that most senior employer positions are held by people from the Baby Boomer or Gen X groups, it’s easy to see why attitudes to work and perceived levels of commitment can be a source of conflict and turbulence.
HOW FRICTION CAN SURFACE
- Workplace bullying: Insidious and sometimes silent peer pressure, exclusion, isolation (upward or downwards) towards an individual from one generation amongst a group or whole team to another.
- Closed work practices and communications where technology is used to exclude a person from a generation less familiar or skilled with some aspects of technology.
- Completely contrasting expectations of behaviour where a more senior employee may not be able to communicate effectively with a more junior staff member – they don’t understand each other ‘starting positions’ regardless of the valuable talents they might both possess.
- Different social norms and standards – what constitutes prejudice, what is humour and what is slander? It’s a fast-moving area where standards are constantly evolving.
Top tips on handling
multiple generations
at work
- Leverage diversity and breadth/depth of knowledge
Rather than pretending generational differences don’t exist – celebrate them. Highlight the differences and encourage a culture where the power of these differences can be used to enrich everyone’s work experience, skills and knowledge. Baby Boomers and Gen X should be encouraged to pass on skills in writing, leadership, and handling difficult situations and conflicts. Millennials can demonstrate their IT skills and knowledge by presenting to all staff how the latest tech can make light of tricky tasks. - Be open about generational differences question, discussing your different opinions and arriving at a consensual score for each.
Transparency and openness will engender trust and respect. As edgy as it might sound, it could be helpful to stage a structured discussion about intergenerational collaboration at work. Let staff speak about their experiences and discuss similarities and differences – perhaps staff are unfamiliar with working across various generations and have questions. - Generation-targeted benefits packages
Don’t alienate different generations by having a one-dimensional benefits package for staff of various ages with different needs. To some flexible working is key, to others a pension scheme is most important, to others a maternity policy is attractive along with a provision for childcare. You might extend the value delivered by a mature worker through part-time work. This flexible approach further signals to all staff your firm’s commitment to supporting age diversity. - Is a dispute just about power and control?
The desire for and use of power is the central issue in most conflicts, not generation. Baby Boomers who criticise Gen Z’ers sometimes talk of the “immaturity” of young employees, without recognising that all that separates them from the younger workers is one promotion. Likewise, younger generations can be ambitious and aspirational – sometimes frustrated for the next step up. - Adapting to hybrid working
There is some evidence that the move to hybrid working can present generational friction. Baby Boomers and Gen X can sometimes see presenteeism, demonstrable hard graft, and visible toil as evidence of commitment and professionalism. Therefore, it is essential to be very clear about company policy and train managers on the challenges of managing remote teams. - Introduce two-way reverse mentoring between generations
Establish a coaching and mentoring regime where different generations can learn from one another as equals. Seasoned professionals with experience in leadership and managing people, but threatened by ever-changing technology, paired with twenty-somethings who see the tech as an extension of who they are and know the buttons to push. On the other hand, they have little business experience or context. It’s a strategy proven to enhance collaboration and understanding.
Conclusions
Much of the research and written work in this area come to a very similar and basic conclusion: People want the same things regardless of age or generation. We all want a pleasant, productive and rewarding professional life, and any friction that does bubble up between generations can largely be attributed to a lack of understanding, communication or education.
By working on the factors (top tips) above, one can establish a collegiate and empathetic working environment that embraces diversity (of all kinds), making all feel valued and welcome.
Sources:
- Generational Differences in the Workplace: A 2022 Guide. Knowledgecity.com
- Snowflakes and Boomers: generational diversity in the office – Coral Hill, Associate Professor, University of Law. The Law Society.
- How To Maximise The Success Of Your Intergenerational Work Team, Wayne Elsey, Forbes.com
- The 3 Most Common Reasons Generations Clash at Work, Samantha McLaren, Lead Copywriter, Global Impact @ LinkedIn
- The AGN Succession RoadMap (Link), Rochelle Clarke, Succession Strength.
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